[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"settings":3,"$f7D04SyYdApVNSHVN13DabnTB1G1s-2qYSm5sLiJE0-E":131,"skip-profile-counts":15,"collection-counts-nations24":153,"/api/collections/nations24/articles":159,"profile-liked-collections--liked-seeAll":577},{"data":4,"meta":130},{"id":5,"documentId":6,"createdAt":7,"updatedAt":8,"publishedAt":9,"nav_primary":10,"nav_secondary":76},71,"cq0rcn2xoi5no1yfyvbgyln1","2025-06-22T14:25:01.818Z","2026-05-07T15:46:44.530Z","2026-05-07T15:46:45.271Z",[11,17,41,46,51,71],{"id":12,"label":13,"url":14,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":16},666,"About","/about",null,[],{"id":18,"label":19,"url":20,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":21},670,"Focus areas","programmes",[22,25,29,33,37],{"id":23,"label":19,"url":24},1558,"/programmes",{"id":26,"label":27,"url":28},1559,"Cities & regions","/programmes/cities",{"id":30,"label":31,"url":32},1560,"Finance & economics","/programmes/finance",{"id":34,"label":35,"url":36},1561,"Textiles & fashion","/programmes/textiles",{"id":38,"label":39,"url":40},1562,"Jobs & employment","/programmes/jobs",{"id":42,"label":43,"url":44,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":45},667,"Services","/services",[],{"id":47,"label":48,"url":49,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":50},668,"Impact","/impact",[],{"id":52,"label":53,"url":54,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":55},671,"CGR","/cgr",[56,59,63,67],{"id":57,"label":58,"url":54},1563,"About CGR",{"id":60,"label":61,"url":62},1564,"CGR Global","/cgr/cgr-global",{"id":64,"label":65,"url":66},1565,"CGR Nations","/cgr/cgr-national",{"id":68,"label":69,"url":70},1566,"CGR Regions & cities","/cgr/cgr-regions-cities",{"id":72,"label":73,"url":74,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":75},669,"Resources","/knowledge-hub/search",[],[77,81,86,91,115],{"id":78,"label":79,"url":54,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":80},672,"CGR ®",[],{"id":82,"label":83,"url":84,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":85},673,"Circle Academy","/circle-academy",[],{"id":87,"label":88,"url":89,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":90},674,"Clients","/clients",[],{"id":92,"label":73,"url":93,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":94},675,"/resources",[95,99,103,107,111],{"id":96,"label":97,"url":98},1567,"Reports & publications","?page=1",{"id":100,"label":101,"url":102},1568,"Opinions","opinions",{"id":104,"label":105,"url":106},1569,"News","news",{"id":108,"label":109,"url":110},1570,"Knowledge Hub","knowledge-hub",{"id":112,"label":113,"url":114},1571,"Going Circular","going-circular",{"id":116,"label":19,"url":24,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":117},676,[118,121,124,127],{"id":119,"label":27,"url":120},1572,"cities",{"id":122,"label":39,"url":123},1573,"jobs",{"id":125,"label":35,"url":126},1574,"textiles",{"id":128,"label":31,"url":129},1575,"finance",{},{"id":132,"name":133,"description":134,"link":15,"banner_image_url":135,"avatar_image_url":136,"system_reserved":137,"owner_id":138,"owner":139,"contributors":150,"industries":151,"locations":152,"canEdit":137},"nations24","Global Circularity Gap Report 2024","This collection features a selection of case studies, mainly based on the [2024 Circularity Gap Report](https://www.circularity-gap.world/2024). \n\nIn this year’s Report, we shift from exploring the what to the how: exploring the different ways that we need to ‘change the rules of the game’ and create a set of conditions that discourage the overshoot of planetary boundaries and ‘undershoot’ of human development. This process has resulted in us spotlighting 12 of the original 16 solutions, highlighting the country profile that they are most relevant to, as well as placing people at the centre of this story for the first time. Based on extensive interviews and desk research, this Report aims to show governments and industry leaders that if they want to turn theory into action and scale an economy that delivers on needs within the safe limits of the planet, they need to dismantle harmful entrenched processes and align enabling elements. \n\n[Circle Economy](https://www.circle-economy.com/) is a global impact organisation with an international team of passionate experts based in Amsterdam. We empower industries, cities, and nations with practical and scalable solutions to put the circular economy into action. Our vision is an economic system that ensures the planet and all people can thrive. To avoid climate breakdown, our goal is to double global circularity by 2032. \n\nThrough the *Circularity Gap Reporting Initiative*, our mission is to deliver an annual global Circularity Metric that measures the state of the world economy and identifies key levers to transition to global circularity. \n\nTo learn more about these interventions to accelerate the circular transition, read the [latest Circularity Gap Report 2024](https://www.circularity-gap.world/2024), as well as previous editions of the global [Circularity Gap Reports](https://www.circularity-gap.world/global).","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/org-profile-avatar/1778155409289-hfoYt24T.jpeg","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/org-profile-avatar/1778155409888-UMhbqR4P.png",false,"ce",{"id":138,"type":140,"owner_id":141,"about":142,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":138,"owner":143,"organisation":146,"profile":148},"organisation","56NcOv","",{"first_name":144,"last_name":145},"Circle","Economy",{"name":147},"Circle Economy",{"link":149},"https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/org-profile-avatar/HiKR8W326OYvfBij.jpg",[],[],[],{"total":154,"byType":155},10,{"business_case":156,"policy_case":157,"blog":158,"resource":158,"report":158},4,6,0,[160,210,253,295,326,355,392,435,496,550],{"id":161,"type":162,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":163,"updated_at":164,"owner_id":165,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":167,"image":169,"article_locations":172,"article_industries":181,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":182,"content":183},"26014","policy_case","2024-01-11T15:08:44.036Z","2025-02-04T10:51:28.107Z","J5-bZw","collaborator",{"id":165,"type":168,"owner_id":165,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},"user",{"id":170,"link":171,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":163,"updated_at":164,"article_id":161,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"ysBiarDqi9Y=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155557173-XlRJXZYi.jpeg",[173],{"article_id":161,"location_id":174,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":176},"EU","2026-05-07T12:03:30.660Z",{"id":174,"type":177,"name":178,"color":179,"parent_location_id":15,"created_at":180,"updated_at":15},"region","Europe","#7B3D93","2026-02-27T07:55:02.991Z",[],1,{"id":184,"score":158,"body":185,"status":209,"article_id":161,"created_at":163,"updated_at":164,"published_at":163},"w-VA",{"title":186,"outcome":187,"problem":188,"summary":189,"solution":190,"attachment":191},"Circular Horizon: Transforming Rwanda's Construction Sector with Circular Economy Principles","\u003Cp>It may be too soon to measure the impacts of the \u003Cem>Circular Economy Action Plan and Roadmap \u003C/em>in Rwanda, but the \u003Cem>Plan\u003C/em> serves as a huge step in the right direction to transforming a wasteful and material-intensive industry. What’s more, the \u003Cem>Plan’s\u003C/em> potential impacts transcend borders, offering a replicable framework for countries with similar economies to work towards a more circular built environment. \u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Rwanda is experiencing the second highest economic growth rate in Sub-Saharan Africa due to its booming population, an emerging middle class and increasing urbanisation. That being said, this economic upswing has brought unsustainable building practices along with it—currently, standards related to buildings’ design phase do not require criteria for extended life cycles or a safe cycling of materials. Materials used for construction are largely imported, with only a minority produced locally. While it would serve the industry well to reduce its dependence on foreign imports of steel and cement—both lessening environmental impacts and building resilience—a lack of awareness and acceptance of circularity in the private sector and a lack of legal and financial incentives are preventing this.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Rwanda’s \u003Cem>Circular Economy Action Plan\u003C/em> embeds circular principles into the construction sector. \u003C/p>","\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.environment.gov.rw/index.php?eID=dumpFile&t=f&f=58556&token=1efafef04395aa568ceac5346426c5d29864bced\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">To combat this, Rwanda’s Ministry of Environment published a \u003Cem>Circular Economy Action Plan and Roadmap\u003C/em>\u003C/a>\u003Cem> \u003C/em>in 2023. This \u003Cem>Action Plan\u003C/em> provides a clear vision for Rwanda’s construction sector: to design, construct and use buildings in alignment with circular principles and valorise construction and demolition waste (C&DW) in ways that enable high-quality reuse, recycling and recovery. The \u003Cem>Action Plan\u003C/em> outlines three priorities for the built environment in Rwanda alongside the practical solutions to make them possible. \u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>First, a \u003Cstrong>revised national Building Code and the use of the Green Building Compliance System \u003C/strong>should be enforced. This means including circular principles in the Rwanda Green Building Compliance System, and ensuring this system is applied to all buildings. Trainings and workshops should be held that provide clear guidance on the right application of the Building Code and the Compliance System, which could be offered to construction companies by the Green Building Organisation and the Rwanda Housing Authority. Ideally, each construction firm would have one or two in-house experts familiar with the Building Code and Compliance System, to help make circular buildings the new normal.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Second, the \u003Cem>Action Plan\u003C/em> advises that\u003Cstrong> renewable and local materials and construction types should be prioritised before exhausting non-renewable materials.\u003C/strong> This will entail using alternative construction materials as well as more local construction types like rammed earth construction. To carry this out, vocational training and guidelines for the informal sector must be developed on how to shift from conventional to local alternative construction materials and how to better integrate into the formal sector.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Finally,\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>the \u003Cem>Action Plan\u003C/em> calls for the \u003Cstrong>development of national guidelines on how to characterise and valorise Construction and Demolition Waste (C&DW). \u003C/strong>National guidelines should include a transitory plan and clear guidance for construction companies and recyclers to identify different types of waste, which is essential for choosing the most appropriate recycling or recovering technique. Techniques and enablers for dismantling, repairing and reusing building elements should also be established to prevent demolition and keep materials in use at their highest value. Lastly, the guidelines should contain guidance on how to recycle different types of C&DW in the most circular way: avoiding low-grade applications such as backfilling, for example\u003C/p>",[192,195,197,199,201,203,205,207],{"name":193,"type":194,"value":193},"https://www.land-oberoesterreich.gv.at/246417.htm","link",{"name":196,"type":194,"value":196},"https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/headlines/society/20201208STO93325/e-waste-in-the-eu-facts-and-figures-infographic",{"name":198,"type":194,"value":198},"https://commission.europa.eu/law/law-topic/consumer-protection-law/consumer-protection-cooperation-regulation_en",{"name":200,"type":194,"value":200},"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A52023PC0155",{"name":202,"type":194,"value":202},"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32019L0771",{"name":204,"type":194,"value":204},"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32020L1828",{"name":206,"type":194,"value":206},"https://repair.eu/news/there-is-life-on-mars-financial-incentives-to-make-repair-affordable/",{"name":208,"type":194,"value":208},"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c6865b39-2628-11e6-86d0-01aa75ed71a1","published",{"id":211,"type":212,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":213,"updated_at":214,"owner_id":165,"owner_relationship":166,"views":215,"owner":216,"image":217,"article_locations":221,"article_industries":233,"view_count":215,"like_count":158,"collection_count":182,"content":240},"25981","business_case","2024-01-11T14:55:44.271Z","2026-05-11T20:46:14.478Z",2,{"id":165,"type":168,"owner_id":165,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":218,"link":219,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":213,"updated_at":220,"article_id":211,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"CT_oO-BP4D8=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155555843-gFph_dF4.jpeg","2024-01-11T14:56:12.502Z",[222,229],{"article_id":211,"location_id":223,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":224},"KEN",{"id":223,"type":225,"name":226,"color":15,"parent_location_id":227,"created_at":228,"updated_at":15},"country","Kenya","AF","2026-02-27T07:54:47.162Z",{"article_id":211,"location_id":227,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":230},{"id":227,"type":177,"name":231,"color":232,"parent_location_id":15,"created_at":228,"updated_at":15},"Africa","#47CEC0",[234],{"article_id":211,"industry_id":235,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":236},"agriculture",{"id":235,"name":237,"description":238,"sector":239},"Agriculture","Producing and gathering crop and animal products from land and water through farming, hunting, and fishing","agri_food",{"id":241,"score":158,"body":242,"status":209,"article_id":211,"created_at":213,"updated_at":220,"published_at":213},"tkxu",{"title":243,"outcome":244,"problem":245,"summary":246,"solution":247,"attachment":248},"Bugging for Change: Harnessing Insect-Based Protein and National Standards for Sustainable Agriculture in Africa","\u003Cp>While these National Standards are relatively new, research shows the promising potential for impact: farmed insects, such as the BSF, make excellent livestock feed—with BSF-fed pigs reaching market weight a month earlier than their traditionally-fed counterparts. This can \u003Cstrong>cut feed costs by as much as 15%\u003C/strong>, both benefiting farmers and reducing the land needed to grow crops for livestock consumption. One study found that—at its current rate of production—African insect farming could generate 14% of the crude protein needed to feed all the pigs, goats, fish and chickens across the continent. By converting the organic waste generated each year in Sub-Saharan Africa, insect farming has the potential to save \u003Cstrong>86 million tonnes of CO2e\u003C/strong>—equivalent to removing 18 million vehicles from the road. Efficient converters, insects can transform food waste into a more useful form: with the potential to \u003Cstrong>recycle as much as 18 million tonnes of waste\u003C/strong> into fertiliser, the BSF is a crucial pathway to greener, less polluted cities. Insect-based fertilisers have proved incredibly effective, too: maize plots treated with BSF fertiliser resulted in yields 14% higher than those treated with existing commercial organic fertilisers. \u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340989166_Socio-economic_and_environmental_implications_of_replacing_conventional_poultry_feed_with_insect-based_feed_in_Kenya\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">If scaled, impacts could be even larger: one 2020 study, for example, found that replacing half of the fish meal traditionally used in animal feed with insect meal could make enough fish and maize available to \u003Cstrong>feed an additional 4.8 million people\u003C/strong> each year in Kenya alone—while providing \u003Cstrong>33,000 additional jobs\u003C/strong> per year, reducing poverty for an estimated 3.2 million people\u003C/a>. These results could be replicable across Africa, and may even serve to kickstart women- or youth-led agricultural ventures—as both groups are often deterred from starting their own businesses due to lacking the necessary capital.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The Black Soldier Fly (BSF) offers a promising avenue to valorise food waste, cut emissions and lift \u003Cem>Build\u003C/em> residents out of poverty. Food waste poses a problem around the world: in Sub-Saharan Africa, around 125 million tonnes of organic waste is generated each year—most of which degrades in open landfills, harming human health and releasing emissions. What’s more, as incomes begin to rise in \u003Cem>Build\u003C/em> countries, so do appetites for meat—but current practices associated with animal agriculture, such as land-use change to make space to grow feed crops, pose many threats to the environment. \u003C/p>","\u003Cp>National standards can support the production of insect-based protein to cut costs, emissions, waste and more.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Insect-based protein may offer an all-in-one solution. To combat the issues of food waste, land use change and the swelling cost of animal feed, the Kenya Bureau of Standards has approved three National Standards to support the production of edible insects, as well as their processed by-products. These guidelines will instruct insect farmers on how to ensure the safety of their product and meet environmental regulations, while gaining accreditations for their businesses and certificates for their products. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.aciar.gov.au/media-search/blogs/kenyan-agripreneurs-fly-high-black-soldier-flies\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">This will allow insect-based products to be widely sold in Kenya and beyond.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>",[249,251],{"name":250,"type":194,"value":250},"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/340989166_Socio-economic_and_environmental_implications_of_replacing_conventional_poultry_feed_with_insect-based_feed_in_Kenya",{"name":252,"type":194,"value":252},"https://www.aciar.gov.au/media-search/blogs/kenyan-agripreneurs-fly-high-black-soldier-flies",{"id":254,"type":162,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":255,"updated_at":256,"owner_id":165,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":257,"image":258,"article_locations":261,"article_industries":267,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":182,"content":268},"25948","2024-01-11T08:23:18.175Z","2024-01-11T08:28:23.089Z",{"id":165,"type":168,"owner_id":165,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":259,"link":260,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":255,"updated_at":256,"article_id":254,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"kPIdNqQYSQQ=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155555006-r_1EgCZq.jpeg",[262],{"article_id":254,"location_id":263,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":264},"CHN",{"id":263,"type":225,"name":265,"color":15,"parent_location_id":266,"created_at":228,"updated_at":15},"China","AS",[],{"id":269,"score":158,"body":270,"status":209,"article_id":254,"created_at":255,"updated_at":256,"published_at":255},"RdRa",{"title":271,"outcome":272,"problem":273,"summary":274,"solution":275,"attachment":276},"Transforming China's Industries with Eco-Industrial Parks, Industrial Symbiosis, and Remanufacturing","\u003Cp>Looking at China's journey, it is important to note that while the nation blazed substantial trails in championing industrial sustainability, the path will never be obstacle-free. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652620328985\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">For example, concerns remain around total resource use and lacking social impact research.\u003C/a> The number of EIPs in China is also limited compared to traditional industrial parks and zones and their type and size varies considerably. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/19/12957\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Nevertheless\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32829438/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">EIPs reduce virgin resource use, emissions and waste generation compared to traditional industrial parks and zones\u003C/a>. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/19/12957\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">EIPs have also been proven to drive innovation, attract human and financial capital, produce technology spillovers and positively impact surrounding areas\u003C/a>. Other \u003Cem>Grow\u003C/em> countries can extract valuable lessons from China's successful strategies and apply best practices within their own economies to chart their sustainable industrial trajectories.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>China’s high-speed economic development has secured its status as a global industrial powerhouse. \u003Ca href=\"https://spj.science.org/doi/10.1080/20964129.2020.1779010\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">While there are many socioeconomic benefits to rapid growth, the increased concentration of industrial activity has come at a very high cost to the environment: pollution, waste generation and ecosystem degradation, to name a few\u003C/a>. China’s industrial parks account for \u003Cstrong>over two-thirds of the nation’s energy consumption and GHG emissions\u003C/strong>. \u003Ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37442892/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">To alleviate the negative environmental impacts of its manufacturing sector, China has adopted the concept of an ‘ecological civilisation’—a system of development and governance based on the principles of environmental management, ecological restoration and green development.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>China’s manufacturing sector is being upgraded through an eco-industrial park programme, industrial symbiosis and remanufacturing. \u003C/p>","\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/545291/eawp-021-ecological-civilization-prc.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">China's\u003Cstrong> ‘ecological civilisation’ \u003C/strong>consists of a set of initiatives based on enhanced sustainable production and consumption, superior environmental and ecological planning for both urban and rural regions, and an industrial ecology that champions a comprehensive circular economy with a zero-waste approach\u003C/a>. Within this context, China initiated its eco-industrial parks (EIPs) programme in 2001. EIPs are strategically designed as a blueprint for industrial clustering and transformation based on clean production mandates, and circular economy and industrial ecology principles. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/19/12957\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">By 2021, the number of established EIPs had reached 55, up from just one in 2008, while another 52 are now underway\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>China has been successful in transforming its industrial sector due in large part to three major factors: \u003Cstrong>governmental frameworks and technical guidance, manufacturing prowess and strategic blueprints, \u003C/strong>and\u003Cstrong> local governance and academic synergy.\u003C/strong> \u003Ca href=\"https://journals.openedition.org/factsreports/6635#tocto2n13\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">In terms of governmental frameworks and technical guidance, sustainability was heralded as a priority at the national level, resulting in an array of policies, incentives and regulations that bolstered industrial clustering and transformation via eco-industrial parks and activities such as industrial symbiosis and remanufacturing\u003C/a>. The environmental governance system was modernised to ensure that standardisations, monitoring and innovation incentives rendered operational harmony across industries.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The manufacturing prowess and strategic blueprints of China’s EIPs further lent themselves to the creation of a more circular industrial sector. The sheer scale of its manufacturing provided a unique platform where industries could naturally form symbiotic relationships. The parks' designs were inherently strategic, ensuring industrial clustering and transformation so that neighbouring industries could share resources, thereby reducing costs and logistics-related constraints, for example. Finally,\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>local governments played a crucial role, adapting national guidelines to fit local contexts and providing requisite incentives. \u003Ca href=\"https://iranarze.ir/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/E10584-IranArze.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Meanwhile\u003C/a>, \u003Ca href=\"https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/950911554814522228/pdf/Enhancing-China-s-Regulatory-Framework-for-Eco-Industrial-Parks-Comparative-Analysis-of-Chinese-and-International-Green-Standards.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">local academic institutions and industries joined forces, honing technological and process innovations and fostering a relationship of ongoing research and development.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>",[277,279,281,283,285,287,289,291,293],{"name":278,"type":194,"value":278},"https://spj.science.org/doi/10.1080/20964129.2020.1779010",{"name":280,"type":194,"value":280},"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37442892/",{"name":282,"type":194,"value":282},"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32829438/",{"name":284,"type":194,"value":284},"https://journals.openedition.org/factsreports/6635#tocto2n13",{"name":286,"type":194,"value":286},"https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/19/19/12957",{"name":288,"type":194,"value":288},"https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/545291/eawp-021-ecological-civilization-prc.pdf",{"name":290,"type":194,"value":290},"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0959652620328985",{"name":292,"type":194,"value":292},"https://iranarze.ir/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/E10584-IranArze.pdf",{"name":294,"type":194,"value":294},"https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/950911554814522228/pdf/Enhancing-China-s-Regulatory-Framework-for-Eco-Industrial-Parks-Comparative-Analysis-of-Chinese-and-International-Green-Standards.pdf",{"id":296,"type":212,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":297,"updated_at":298,"owner_id":165,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":299,"image":300,"article_locations":303,"article_industries":310,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":182,"content":313},"25915","2024-01-10T15:52:13.716Z","2024-01-10T16:38:00.911Z",{"id":165,"type":168,"owner_id":165,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":301,"link":302,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":297,"updated_at":298,"article_id":296,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"JNiK0ZOLigA=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155554142-bFkgdUcX.jpeg",[304],{"article_id":296,"location_id":305,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":306},"BRA",{"id":305,"type":225,"name":307,"color":15,"parent_location_id":308,"created_at":309,"updated_at":15},"Brazil","SA","2026-02-27T07:55:14.722Z",[311],{"article_id":296,"industry_id":235,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":312},{"id":235,"name":237,"description":238,"sector":239},{"id":314,"score":158,"body":315,"status":209,"article_id":296,"created_at":297,"updated_at":298,"published_at":297},"iOBx",{"title":316,"outcome":317,"problem":318,"summary":319,"solution":320,"attachment":321},"CocoaAction's Impact on Small-Scale Cocoa Farming and Ethical Chocolate Production in Brazil","\u003Cp>One company that has directly benefited from CocoaAction Brasil’s initiatives is Dengo Chocolates—a sustainable and ethical chocolate company based in the Brazilian state of Bahia. Dengo encourages organic cocoa, regenerative agriculture and agroforestry with 100% of the brand's cocoa coming from \u003Cstrong>traditional agroforestry systems\u003C/strong> known as \u003Cem>cabruca\u003C/em>. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.worldcocoafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Relatorio-de-Impacto_CocoaAction-Brasil_ing_baixa.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">For its chocolate production, \u003Cstrong>the company only purchases cocoa from local producers\u003C/strong>, and farmers receive more for the product they deliver—with Dengo paying a premium of up to 160% of the market value for high-quality cocoa beans.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Dengo has found success and made a major impact on local communities by \u003Cstrong>connecting small- and medium-scale farmers who are interested in creating a high-quality product\u003C/strong>, thus establishing a network of local farmers for the mass production of chocolate. The network follows the cultivation process set out by Dengo to achieve the best possible cocoa. The company provides \u003Cstrong>free technical consultancy and access to knowledge\u003C/strong> about harvesting, fermenting and drying cocoa beans. Today, the network consists of around 200 families of farmers and \u003Cstrong>a part of the company’s profits are shared\u003C/strong> with these farmers.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>To date, Dengo boasts 100% student attendance, while 38% of its in-network farmers earn above the minimum living wage and 45% have access to credit. To further embed sustainability into its products, 34% of Dengo's products are sold in bulk, packaging is just 7% plastic and entirely recyclable. Some packaging is even made from cocoa-based paper using production by-products. \u003Ca href=\"https://dengo.com/pt/pages/impact\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">By designing its products sustainably and tapping into traditional \u003Cem>cabruca\u003C/em> agroforestry methods, \u003Cstrong>the company has preserved 20 hectares of Brazilian forest\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>.\u003C/strong>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>While multinational corporations control much of the sale and profits of the world’s chocolate, the majority of the world’s cocoa beans are grown on small farms in the Global South. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.idhsustainabletrade.com/uploaded/2022/06/Cocoa_Origins_AR_220622_dig_9.1.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">When it comes to producing cocoa sustainably and ethically, farmers often lack the technical knowledge and resources to implement such practices\u003C/a>. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.worldcocoafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Relatorio-de-Impacto_CocoaAction-Brasil_ing_baixa.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">This is the case in Brazil—the sixth largest producer of cocoa on the planet—where upwards of 95,000 growers produce cocoa\u003C/a>. To promote sustainability with a focus on the grower, \u003Cstrong>CocoaAction Brasil, a comprehensive public-private pre-competitive initiative,\u003C/strong> launched in 2018.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>CocoaAction Brasil uses regenerative farming to empower small-scale cocoa farmers and positively impact cocoa production systems.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>CocoaAction Brasil works with value chain partners to align and develop the cocoa chain and promote knowledge exchange and synergies with existing work, giving special attention to sustainability. The initiative enables value chain partners to do so in four key ways: 1) \u003Cstrong>working with producers\u003C/strong> to increase yield and quality and improve farm management; 2) \u003Cstrong>working with communities\u003C/strong> to strengthen working conditions, youth and gendered work, and labour unions; 3) \u003Cstrong>working with the government\u003C/strong> on reforestation, agroforestry and land conservation; and 4) \u003Cstrong>working across the value chain\u003C/strong> to increase access to funding and land regulation, information management and governance. \u003C/p>\u003Cp>In working with policymakers, CocoaAction Brasil has supported the publication of the \u003Cem>Normative Instructions of Pará and Rondônia\u003C/em> (two northern Brazilian states), which enable the recovery of legal reserves through cocoa cultivation in agroforestry systems. It has further revised Ordinances in the Bahia and Espírito Santo states that regulate the management of the \u003Cem>cabruca\u003C/em> cocoa cultivation system and reinforce its relevance to the preservation of the Atlantic Forest. It also contributed to improving the \u003Cem>Plano Safra (Crop Plan) 2021–2022\u003C/em>, based on submissions from stakeholders and advocacy with the Ministry of Economy. These measures generate \u003Cstrong>socio-environmental benefits, generate income for families and stimulate biodiversity conservation\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>CocoaAction Brasil also worked to \u003Cstrong>increase small growers’ access to credit\u003C/strong> between 2017 and 2021 by 240% through multiple initiatives. For one, it coordinated \u003Cem>GT Crédito\u003C/em>, a working group that specifically addresses credit in the cocoa chain, linked with the Cocoa and Agroforestry Systems Sectoral Chamber of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply. It obtained the inclusion of rural residents in the \u003Cem>Pronaf Floresta\u003C/em> credit line and cocoa grown in agroforestry systems in the \u003Cem>Pronaf Bioeconomia\u003C/em> credit line. Finally, in partnership with the International Labour Organisation, CocoaAction Brasil \u003Cstrong>involved more than 50 entities of the public and private sectors and civil society\u003C/strong> to produce the \u003Cem>Cacau 2030 Strategic Guidelines\u003C/em>, a set of guiding actions for the sustainable development of cocoa production focused on decent labour and better living conditions.\u003C/p>",[322,324],{"name":323,"type":194,"value":323},"https://www.idhsustainabletrade.com/uploaded/2022/06/Cocoa_Origins_AR_220622_dig_9.1.pdf",{"name":325,"type":194,"value":325},"https://www.worldcocoafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Relatorio-de-Impacto_CocoaAction-Brasil_ing_baixa.pdf",{"id":327,"type":162,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":328,"updated_at":329,"owner_id":165,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":330,"image":331,"article_locations":334,"article_industries":337,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":182,"content":338},"25882","2024-01-10T14:40:17.603Z","2025-01-22T11:05:19.246Z",{"id":165,"type":168,"owner_id":165,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":332,"link":333,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":328,"updated_at":329,"article_id":327,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"OxkMiUgvH48=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155553085-llRmIlYQ.jpeg",[335],{"article_id":327,"location_id":174,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":336},{"id":174,"type":177,"name":178,"color":179,"parent_location_id":15,"created_at":180,"updated_at":15},[],{"id":339,"score":158,"body":340,"status":209,"article_id":327,"created_at":328,"updated_at":329,"published_at":328},"02c3",{"title":341,"outcome":342,"problem":343,"summary":344,"solution":345,"attachment":346},"EU's Right to Repair Legislation and Member States' Initiatives to Make Repair the New Norm","\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A52023PC0155\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">It’s expected that repair will become increasingly easy and attractive for consumers, \u003Cstrong>resulting in cost savings of around €176.5 billion over 15 years\u003C/strong>—or around €25 per person per year\u003C/a>. Social gains are also expected for EU repair businesses: \u003Ca href=\"https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/c6865b39-2628-11e6-86d0-01aa75ed71a1\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">sales for the sector will largely apply to small- and medium-sized enterprises and social enterprises, generating quality jobs across the regio\u003C/a>n. Environmental impacts are also expected to be significant, with the Proposal \u003Cstrong>expected to save 18.4 million tonnes of CO2 over 15 years\u003C/strong>—equivalent to the emissions generated by a year’s worth of energy use for 2.1 million homes. While the Proposal has yet to be approved, its impact could be favourable—despite concerns relating to software barriers, the scope of the legal guarantee and the affordability of spare parts, considerations currently not addressed in the directive’s text.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Individual Member States are already taking this a step further, rolling out a range of policy tools to make repair the new normal: Sweden, for example, has cut VAT rates for repair, while Austria, Germany and France now offer repair bonuses—partial reimbursement for consumers that take this route. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.land-oberoesterreich.gv.at/246417.htm\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">In Graz, Austria, both commercial and community repair initiatives are supported, with Repair Cafés eligible for yearly funding, while repair bonus funding in Upper Austria saved around 260 tonnes of e-waste between September and December 2019 alone\u003C/a>. \u003Ca href=\"https://repair.eu/news/there-is-life-on-mars-financial-incentives-to-make-repair-affordable/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">France has also rolled out a repairability index for five categories of electronic devices\u003C/a>, informing consumers on their options prior to purchase. A mix of both hard regulatory tools—such as those targeting manufacturers—and softer instruments that tackle cultural barriers and shift consumer attitudes is proving remarkably effective: a range of policies are needed to promote repair as the way forward.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The current status quo: products that are made to break and are not easily repairable. Now, it’s difficult for consumers to do anything other than trading their broken goods for brand new ones: repair processes are costly and complex, and the artificially low prices of new products make them the more financially attractive option. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/headlines/society/20201208STO93325/e-waste-in-the-eu-facts-and-figures-infographic\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">This produces mountains of waste: electronic waste (e-waste), for example, is the EU’s fastest-growing waste stream—and less than 40% of it is currently recycled.\u003C/a> \u003Ca href=\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2773167722000115\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">On a global scale, emissions from e-waste grew by more than 50% between 2014 and 2020—a figure expected to swell to new heights without targeted intervention.\u003C/a>\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Policy—such as the EU’s Right to Repair legislation—can be leveraged to make repair the new normal. \u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The EU, however, is tackling this, with considerable progress over the last decade. Due to active lobbying efforts from advocacy groups and EU Member States themselves, Right to Repair legislation is \u003Ca href=\"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32019L0771\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">emerging\u003C/a>: the current Proposal for a directive on common rules promoting the repair of goods, for example, as well as amendments to other \u003Ca href=\"https://commission.europa.eu/law/law-topic/consumer-protection-law/consumer-protection-cooperation-regulation_en\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">regulations\u003C/a> and \u003Ca href=\"https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32020L1828\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">directives\u003C/a> that \u003Cstrong>prioritise repair as a remedy for non-conforming products\u003C/strong>, so long as it’s more affordable than product replacement. The Proposal aims to facilitate this by \u003Cstrong>Ensuring consumers are up-to-date on producers’ repair obligations\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>setting up online repair platforms for nations to matchmake consumers with retailers and repair services\u003C/strong>, and \u003Cstrong>determining a European-wide quality standard for repairs\u003C/strong>. \u003C/p>",[347,348,349,350,351,352,353,354],{"name":193,"type":194,"value":193},{"name":196,"type":194,"value":196},{"name":198,"type":194,"value":198},{"name":200,"type":194,"value":200},{"name":202,"type":194,"value":202},{"name":204,"type":194,"value":204},{"name":206,"type":194,"value":206},{"name":208,"type":194,"value":208},{"id":356,"type":162,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":357,"updated_at":358,"owner_id":165,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":359,"image":360,"article_locations":363,"article_industries":370,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":182,"content":377},"25816","2024-01-09T17:41:37.179Z","2024-01-11T15:12:51.692Z",{"id":165,"type":168,"owner_id":165,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":361,"link":362,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":357,"updated_at":358,"article_id":356,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"_kiJjWonMg8=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155552095-eThVEOuJ.jpeg",[364],{"article_id":356,"location_id":365,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":366},"2911298",{"id":365,"type":367,"name":368,"color":15,"parent_location_id":369,"created_at":180,"updated_at":15},"city","Hamburg","DEU",[371],{"article_id":356,"industry_id":372,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":373},"construction_materials_and_products",{"id":372,"name":374,"description":375,"sector":376},"Construction Materials and Products","Producing building materials and finished and semi-finished building products for construction","construction_and_infrastructure",{"id":378,"score":158,"body":379,"status":209,"article_id":356,"created_at":357,"updated_at":358,"published_at":357},"uD2R",{"title":380,"outcome":381,"problem":382,"summary":383,"solution":384,"attachment":385},"HafenCity Hamburg: A Paradigm of Sustainable Urban Regeneration and Inclusive Development","\u003Cp>The project is set to be completed by 2030, at which time HafenCity will house 15,000 residents, 5,000 students and create up to 45,000 jobs. HafenCity is a model for other cities implementing circular and socially sustainable development concepts. The setup of HafenCity Hamburg GmbH as an autonomous subsidiary helped to avoid cumbersome and lengthy planning processes and red tape. The ambitious tendering process has allowed both the city and its stakeholders to achieve their objectives, creating a diversified urban and social fabric while upholding strong standards for reusing what existed by applying eco-design principles.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Like many European cities, Hamburg faces challenges tied to rapid urban growth, density and lack of affordable housing. Gentrification has led to increased rents, rising inequalities and the displacement of long-time residents. In an effort to combat the increasing demand for housing and offices while anticipating flood risks, the city decided to redevelop its former port into a new urban district: \u003Cstrong>HafenCity\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>HafenCity, a former industrial brownfield site turned inclusive ‘city-within-a-city’ is a model for sustainable development.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>In the early 2000s, the \u003Cstrong>City of Hamburg launched one of the biggest inner-city regeneration projects yet.\u003C/strong> \u003Ca href=\"https://research-api.cbs.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/59801663/685493_HafenCity_Hamburg_A_New_Model_For_Social_Sustainability_Master_Thesis_Yvonne_von_Daniels_and_Lea_Jordan.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The objective was to extend Hamburg’s downtown area by 40%, create inner-city access to the shores of the Elbe and provide additional housing for the city’s growing population\u003C/a>. \u003Ca href=\"https://research-api.cbs.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/59801663/685493_HafenCity_Hamburg_A_New_Model_For_Social_Sustainability_Master_Thesis_Yvonne_von_Daniels_and_Lea_Jordan.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The process followed the concept of \u003Cstrong>urban regeneration\u003C/strong>, which connects the stimulation of economic activities and environmental improvements with wider social and cultural aspects\u003C/a>. \u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>While several urban regeneration projects have made ground in the EU over the last few years, \u003Cstrong>HafenCity’s\u003C/strong> \u003Cstrong>scale and ambition set it apart\u003C/strong>. \u003Cstrong>HafenCity is built on a former industrial port area and effectively reuses existing infrastructure and land.\u003C/strong> Its historic warehouses have been preserved and converted into mixed-use spaces, such as offices, restaurants and apartments, extending the life of these structures. What’s more, the City of Hamburg negotiated complete site control from the start, which allowed it to counter conventional practices concerning building designs and technologies, land use synergies and environmental amenities and performance. \u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>To achieve such high environmental and social objectives, HafenCity relied on a specific public-private governance model, \u003Cstrong>HafenCityHamburg GmbH\u003C/strong>. A GmbH, or ‘\u003Cem>Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung’\u003C/em>\u003Cstrong>\u003Cem> \u003C/em>\u003C/strong>is a limited liability company. \u003Ca href=\"https://research-api.cbs.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/59801663/685493_HafenCity_Hamburg_A_New_Model_For_Social_Sustainability_Master_Thesis_Yvonne_von_Daniels_and_Lea_Jordan.pdf\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">The partnership\u003Cstrong> \u003C/strong>combines the efficiency of the private sector (market discipline and mechanisms) with the benefits of public direction and legitimacy\u003C/a>. This entailed a clear division of responsibilities between public owners and private managers to avoid short-term partisan politics. \u003Cstrong>The city developed ambitious tendering processes that favoured quality over price.\u003C/strong> HafenCity Hamburg GmbH drives development concepts that support a socially balanced mix of apartments—one-third of which are reserved for low and medium-income households—good architecture, urban design and energy efficiency. \u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>In terms of mobility,\u003Cstrong> the city prioritises smart solutions with walking, cycling and public transport\u003C/strong>, \u003Cstrong>substantially reducing car ownership\u003C/strong>. To further reduce reliance on fossil fuels, \u003Cstrong>the city relies on green heating power for high energy efficiency, reduced CO2 emissions and lower energy bills.\u003C/strong> All the buildings in HafenCity must be connected to two district heating networks, for example. Compared to a conventional fossil fuel heat supply, by 2028, a minimum of 75,000 tonnes of CO2 will be saved. For each subsequent year, an additional 12,000 tonnes will be saved.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Ca href=\"https://epea.com/nl/referenties/moringa\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">If that wasn’t enough, \u003Cstrong>the city also developed Germany’s first cradle-to-cradle design residential project, the Moringa project\u003C/strong>\u003C/a>\u003Cstrong>. \u003C/strong>It is the healthiest high-rise building to ever have been constructed in Germany, with half the materials used coming from secondary sources and boasting maximal green space. Hamburg embeds sustainable design throughout the city, \u003Cstrong>requiring all renovation and new building projects to have eco-labels certifying environmental sustainability in construction\u003C/strong>. The DNG special aware label, launched in 2022, is focused on \u003Cstrong>circular construction methods\u003C/strong>: the use of regenerative raw materials such as timber and clay, carbon-reduced steel, recycled building materials and modular or reduced-concrete construction methods. \u003Ca href=\"https://www.hafencity.com/en/urban-development/sustainability\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">It also places an important focus on the documentation of the materials used and their separability during deconstruction to favour their recycling and reuse potential\u003C/a>.\u003C/p>",[386,388,390],{"name":387,"type":194,"value":387},"https://epea.com/nl/referenties/moringa",{"name":389,"type":194,"value":389},"https://www.hafencity.com/en/urban-development/sustainability",{"name":391,"type":194,"value":391},"https://research-api.cbs.dk/ws/portalfiles/portal/59801663/685493_HafenCity_Hamburg_A_New_Model_For_Social_Sustainability_Master_Thesis_Yvonne_von_Daniels_and_Lea_Jordan.pdf",{"id":393,"type":212,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":394,"updated_at":395,"owner_id":396,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":397,"image":398,"article_locations":401,"article_industries":407,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":182,"content":416},"22880","2023-01-19T13:40:23.830Z","2025-01-17T16:04:48.315Z","TK1V3Q",{"id":396,"type":168,"owner_id":396,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":399,"link":400,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":394,"updated_at":395,"article_id":393,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"bAFrerApUjE=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155551321-0ywRDivX.jpeg",[402],{"article_id":393,"location_id":403,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":404},"1185111",{"id":403,"type":367,"name":405,"color":15,"parent_location_id":406,"created_at":228,"updated_at":15},"Sātkhira","BGD",[408,414],{"article_id":393,"industry_id":409,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":410},"healthcare_services",{"id":409,"name":411,"description":412,"sector":413},"Healthcare Services","Providing healthcare services, such as hospitals, medical facilities and patient care services, medical research and clinical trial services, pharmaceuticals and drug development, and genetic engineering services","societal_services",{"article_id":393,"industry_id":372,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":415},{"id":372,"name":374,"description":375,"sector":376},{"id":417,"score":158,"body":418,"status":209,"article_id":393,"created_at":394,"updated_at":395,"published_at":394},"YOhA",{"title":419,"outcome":420,"problem":421,"summary":422,"solution":423,"attachment":424},"Bangladesh's Friendship Hospital reimagines functional and sustainable infrastructure","\u003Cp>The hospital’s architecture seamlessly blends in local climatic considerations with a human touch. It lies at the intersection of multiple, mutually inclusive issues: purpose-led design aimed at social impact, climate justice, equal access to healthcare for vulnerable populations, use of locally-sourced, sustainable building materials, local knowledge and craftsmen. Needs of the local population were kept in mind when the architects built the canal and two large storage tanks at either end—these elements serve as an essential resource in an area where the groundwater is extremely saline. There are multiple policy takeaways from this case: firstly, climate change impacts are contextual, and a one-size-fits-all approach doesn’t work. Instead of building a conventional structure, the architects accounted for local needs, local landscape, local wisdom and local climate change impacts before designing and constructing the hospital. Secondly, active collaboration with villagers in the construction of the building to cultivate trust and legitimacy for the institution was another key ingredient for its success. \u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Climate change is a clear and present danger. But its impacts are unevenly distributed across the world, with some countries in South Asia, such as Bangladesh, being especially vulnerable. The country sits on a low-lying delta with a dense network of rivers, and is generally more prone to natural hazards such as floods, cyclones and droughts. Even within the country, the impacts of climate change are disproportionately distributed, with certain districts, such as Satkhira, experiencing more frequent floods and storms. Vulnerable populations are hit the hardest by climate breakdown, and extreme weather events exacerbate adverse health outcomes. While unequal access to healthcare isn’t limited to the Global South alone, the precarity of the problem is manifold in some countries in this region, such as Bangladesh.    \u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Adverse health outcomes, exacerbated by extreme weather events, inspired architects to build an award-winning hospital in Bangladesh. Friendship Hospital rose to prominence in early 2022 after it received the title of ‘World’s Best New Building’ by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA).\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Situated in Shyamnagar village and surrounded by shrimp farms, architects designed and built the entire hospital using local materials, employing local craftsmen and local knowledge, all while keeping contextual climate change impacts and its associated vulnerability in mind. Over the last few years, rising sea levels have forced the rural population in the district to shift from agriculture to shrimp farming. The architects, thus, purposefully adapted to the surrounding riverine landscape by creating a canal that cuts across the hospital premises, aiding microclimatic cooling, while separating inpatients from outpatients. Two water tanks at either end of the canal also hold harvested rainwater at the site. Additional green design features, such as gardens, courtyards, pools and trees, have also been embedded in the whole campus to attract sunlight and provide natural ventilation. Moreover, attention was given to sensitive areas within the hospital premises that are exposed to the tropical sun by using corridors and double-layered arches.\u003C/p>",[425,427,429,431,433],{"name":426,"type":194,"value":426},"https://www.agri-tech-e.co.uk/small-robot-company-and-spacetime-labs-collaborator-on-per-plant-farming-approach/",{"name":428,"type":194,"value":428},"https://www.agri-tech-e.co.uk/small-robot-co-brings-its-per-plant-farming-service-to-50-farms/",{"name":430,"type":194,"value":430},"https://smallrobotcompany.github.io/smallrobotco/servicepods.html",{"name":432,"type":194,"value":432},"https://www.smallrobotcompany.com/about",{"name":434,"type":194,"value":434},"https://www.smallrobotcompany.com/the-tom-robot",{"id":436,"type":162,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":437,"updated_at":438,"owner_id":439,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":440,"image":441,"article_locations":444,"article_industries":449,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":182,"content":481},"13837","2022-04-26T22:51:23.595Z","2025-01-17T16:35:12.561Z","h7RS4Q",{"id":439,"type":168,"owner_id":439,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":442,"link":443,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":437,"updated_at":438,"article_id":436,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"3Gp4phDIO7c=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155549490-MiR2sQyT.jpeg",[445],{"article_id":436,"location_id":446,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":447},"JPN",{"id":446,"type":225,"name":448,"color":15,"parent_location_id":266,"created_at":180,"updated_at":15},"Japan",[450,456,461,467,469,471,476],{"article_id":436,"industry_id":451,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":452},"metal_and_glass",{"id":451,"name":453,"description":454,"sector":455},"Metal and Glass","Refining and processing ores and producing ferrous and non-ferrous metal and glass products, including packaging","materials_and_fuels",{"article_id":436,"industry_id":457,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":458},"wood_and_paper",{"id":457,"name":459,"description":460,"sector":455},"Wood and Paper","Extracting and gathering wood through forestry and producing wood and paper products",{"article_id":436,"industry_id":462,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":463},"hospitality_and_tourism",{"id":462,"name":464,"description":465,"sector":466},"Hospitality and Tourism","Providing recreational and cultural services, including hotels, resorts, casinos, sport and fitness centers, stadiums, golf courses and amusement parks, restaurants, bars, pubs, fast-food or take-out facilities, as well as libraries and museums","goods_and_services",{"article_id":436,"industry_id":235,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":468},{"id":235,"name":237,"description":238,"sector":239},{"article_id":436,"industry_id":372,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":470},{"id":372,"name":374,"description":375,"sector":376},{"article_id":436,"industry_id":472,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":473},"education_and_government_services",{"id":472,"name":474,"description":475,"sector":413},"Education and Government Services","Providing public and private education and support services at any level or for any profession, and governmental and public administration services, including judicial, regulatory, and legislative activities, taxation, defence, public order and safety, immigration services, foreign affairs and the administration of government programmes",{"article_id":436,"industry_id":477,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":478},"home_and_office_furnishings",{"id":477,"name":479,"description":480,"sector":466},"Home and Office Furnishings","Producing indoor products for the home and office, such as furniture, including upholstery, carpets and wall-coverings, as well as cutlery, cookware, glassware, crystal, silverware, utensils, kitchenware and household specialties",{"id":482,"score":158,"body":483,"status":209,"article_id":436,"created_at":437,"updated_at":438,"published_at":437},"thN-",{"title":484,"outcome":485,"problem":486,"summary":487,"solution":488,"attachment":489},"Minka Summit Event 2022 - a focus on Reuse of well-made traditional Japanese structures","\u003Cp>Over 300 people attended the MINKA SUMMIT event in April and the Facebook group and social media support is growing. If the Minka Summit Event can be held every year, this can lead to more adoption of reuse of old houses and community development in rural areas as well as better work-life balance for individuals, their families and communities. \u003C/p>","\u003Cp>A vast majority of these well-made traditional houses are empty or destroyed each year in Japan and the problem is increasing as the elderly move out of these homes and the rural areas and the population in general is on the decline.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Kominka Japan volunteer organization in Japan has held their first annual MINKA SUMMIT attended by 300 people from across Japan. This was a 3-day event of talks, old house (MINKA) visits, talks by experts, authors, carpenters and influencers connected to Minka in Japan, and a Minka Mall where companies and organisations had information and product booths to support a rural, Minka lifestyle.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The MINKA visits were a popular way to see traditional houses on the market that can be renovated, as well as visit remodeled houses to talk with the owners and gain insights to inspire participants to go to other rural areas of Japan to buy old homes with a similar aim of repairing for a more sustainable lifestyle or entrepreneurial ideas like guest houses, home office spaces or eateries.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Kominka Japan non-profit brings people together from across Japan: government officials, individuals as well as businesses to exchange information on how people could be supported to move into the rural areas, buy one of these old homes to renovate, and contribute to reviving the rural communities while enjoying a better quality of life. There is government support programs in different areas, DIY tips, professional repair people and other insiders who can assist and support the transition, but until Kominka Japan was established it was hard to find this information. \u003C/p>",[490,492,494],{"name":491,"type":194,"value":491},"https://www.nysenate.gov/newsroom/in-the-news/alessandra-biaggi/new-york-could-make-history-fashion-sustainability-act",{"name":493,"type":194,"value":493},"https://www.natlawreview.com/article/sustainability-fashion-industry#:~:text=In%20January%202022%2C%20the%20New,role%20in%20climate%20change.%E2%80%9D%20As",{"name":495,"type":194,"value":495},"https://knowledge-hub.circle-lab.com/article/17996?n=Fast---Fashion-An-Environmental-Catastrophe.",{"id":497,"type":212,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":498,"updated_at":499,"owner_id":500,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":501,"image":502,"article_locations":505,"article_industries":515,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":182,"content":533},"9259","2021-09-02T23:14:41.213Z","2024-01-23T14:27:01.310Z","Ns0taA",{"id":500,"type":168,"owner_id":500,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":503,"link":504,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":498,"updated_at":499,"article_id":497,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"OuFEft1q5CY=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155548215-u3ZeTySg.jpeg",[506,511],{"article_id":497,"location_id":507,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":508},"USA",{"id":507,"type":225,"name":509,"color":15,"parent_location_id":510,"created_at":309,"updated_at":15},"United States","NA",{"article_id":497,"location_id":512,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":513},"GHA",{"id":512,"type":225,"name":514,"color":15,"parent_location_id":227,"created_at":228,"updated_at":15},"Ghana",[516,521,526,531],{"article_id":497,"industry_id":517,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":518},"fashion_and_textiles",{"id":517,"name":519,"description":520,"sector":466},"Fashion and Textiles","Producing textile and leather products and processing them into apparel and accessories",{"article_id":497,"industry_id":522,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":523},"waste_management",{"id":522,"name":524,"description":525,"sector":413},"Waste Management","Collecting waste from households and businesses by means of refuse bins, wheeled bins, containers, etc., and providing treatment, incineration, materials recovery and reclamation, and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste",{"article_id":497,"industry_id":527,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":528},"retail",{"id":527,"name":529,"description":530,"sector":466},"Retail","Providing goods on the Internet, through mail order, or television, or providing goods in stores, including apparel, electronics, furniture, food and drug, etc.",{"article_id":497,"industry_id":472,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"industry":532},{"id":472,"name":474,"description":475,"sector":413},{"id":534,"score":158,"body":535,"status":209,"article_id":497,"created_at":498,"updated_at":499,"published_at":498},"cnoc",{"title":536,"outcome":537,"problem":538,"summary":539,"solution":540,"attachment":541},"The OR Foundation: Initiating justice-led circularity in fashion through research, direct action, education, and community building","\u003Cp>The OR Foundation's Sustainable Fashion Initiative has resulted in a 70% reduction in waste produced by the University of Cincinnati's fashion design program and actively helps local businesses to reduce their own waste. The Collectofus program has engaged over 20 partner institutions and 1,500+ students, while their These Things Take Time interdisciplinary curriculum for K-12 students has been incorporated into over 20 educational institutions across the USA, Ghana, and South Africa. The foundation's research has also been utilized to inform both individual actions and policy frameworks.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Currently, our dominant fashion system embodies ideologies of white supremacy, colonization, and patriarchy — all of which have mutually reinforced each other and given rise to an exploitive, environmentally detrimental culture of overconsumption. These forces have driven the industry to its current unsustainable pace and level of output, leaving historically marginalized groups, especially in the Global South, to bear the brunt of its ecological, social, and economic consequences. The Kantamanto Market in Accra, Ghana, is the largest second-hand clothing market in West Africa — home to importers, market stalls, retailers, and countless bales of imported second-hand clothing. Kantamanto is a hub of creativity, upcycling, and sustainability, though also subject to exploitation by a corrupt secondhand system that traps people in debt. Given fashion's undeniable intertwinement with geopolitics, a circular transition must center environmental justice if it is to overcome the predominant socio-economic system of corporate colonialism. New systems must equitably benefits designers, retailers, consumers, and the most vulnerable supply chain participants alike. The OR Foundation believes that the path to Justice begins with Reckoning, Recovery, and Reparations.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The OR Foundation is a US-based non-profit organization co-founded by Liz Ricketts and Branson Skinner. Their work aims to foster a justice-led circular fashion economy and focuses on identifying and enabling alternatives to the status quo operations of our current fashion system. These alternatives emphasize ecological prosperity and the formation of meaningful relationships between individual and clothing that extend beyond consumerism. Their research and projects address the interconnected areas of environmental justice, education, and fashion development. One of the OR's research initiatives, \"Dead White Man's Clothes,\" extensively examines Accra, Ghana’s Kantamanto Market (the largest secondhand market in West Africa), highlighting it as both a model for circularity and manifestation of global injustices — a consequence of the Global North's enduring throw-away culture. The OR Foundation has also centered social inequity within fashion education through its Sustainable Fashion Initiative (SFI), a student-minded coalition at the University of Cincinnati working to make the school's fashion program both zero-waste and equity-focused, while also developing a hyper-localized circular economy.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Since 2009, The OR Foundation has been operating in the US as a 501(C)(3) public charity and in Ghana as a registered charity. The organization supports alternatives to the dominant fashion model, seeking to create change from within through both direct action — to provide immediate relief on human rights and environmental abuses — and educational programming — to inspire awareness and action on the individual level. As part of their ongoing initiative, Our Long Recovery, the OR Foundation is acting to regenerate and decompose material resources in Kantamanto Market that would otherwise become toxic waste. The program also fosters food sovereignty for women working as Kayayei (head carriers of clothing bales). Research has been documented via video and photography to aid in the process of unlearning and stimulate the transition from a linear economy to regenerative one.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Youth-centered educational programs carried out in the USA, Ghana, and South Africa are focused on achieving liberation from the dominant consumer-based relationship with fashion. In collaboration with the University of Cincinnati, the OR Foundation has helped to form the Sustainable Fashion Initiative, a coalition of students and professionals working to center sustainability and social inequity education in the UC's fashion design program, while actively reducing textile waste. SFI also hosts clothing swaps, mending circles, panels, and workshops in their efforts to promote circular culture. The OR Foundation's other educational endeavors have focused on helping younger age groups redefine their relationships with their own clothing and study their closets and wearer habits. From 2011 to 2016 the foundation developed and ran a year-long interdisciplinary curriculum, called These Things Take Time, for K-12 students to explore colonization and globalization through the lens of the fashion industry. The curriculum provided instruction on how to “read objects” in order to more broadly “read the world” – a mission inspired by Paulo Freire’s decolonizing pedagogy.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Other programs have encouraged students to collaborate with Ghanaian seamstresses and tailors in recycling their used garments into other purposeful items, such as backpacks, that are then priced based on students' own valorization matrixes and sold to benefit various organizations of their choice. To engage with the realities of local thrift stores and the donation system, students have also been tasked with transforming unwearable donated garments into new clothing items. Through this process, they simultaneously learn to sew, dye, and construct clothing with intention, while also thoughtfully considering the dominant narrative surrounding clothing poverty. Co-founder, Liz Ricketts, has participated in Slow Factory's Open Education program, among many others, to make the OR Foundation's research and findings more publicly accessible.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Additionally, the OR Foundation fosters sustainable, marketing-free designer-to-consumer relationships through its Collectofus 2.0 initiative, a peer-based object-exchange curriculum by which emerging designers can receive micro-grants to make bespoke garments for strangers. The project encourages garment co-construction as a means of relationship building, education, and financial literacy. The original Collectofus program (2011-2016) engaged students in the tangible experience of making and receiving clothing items from their peers abroad, allowing for them to compare this method of connection to the dominant model of trade. The program has also produced student-led design justice projects to create dye gardens, redesign school apparel, and build solar charging stations.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The foundation drives systems-level policy frameworks and investments through their research and institutional advocacy efforts. In their multimedia research project, Dead White Man's Clothes, an in depth analysis of Accra, Ghana's Kantamanto secondhand clothing market reveals the environmental, social, and economic impacts of secondhand clothing on Ghanaian society, as well as the market's circular ingenuity and creativity. The project has culminated in a platform to support community organizing.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cbr>\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The OR Foundation's efforts coalesce to disrupt common notions of globalized trade, drawing upon the receptiveness and adaptability of young people globally as they learn to regard fashion as being worthy of intellectual inquiry, while also growing their own fashion identities.\u003C/p>",[542,544,546,548],{"name":543,"type":194,"value":543},"https://eco-age.com/resources/decolonising-fashion-dead-white-mans-clothes-ghana/",{"name":545,"type":194,"value":545},"https://theor.org/mission",{"name":547,"type":194,"value":547},"https://theor.org/work",{"name":549,"type":194,"value":549},"https://deadwhitemansclothes.org/",{"id":551,"type":162,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":552,"updated_at":553,"owner_id":554,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":555,"image":556,"article_locations":559,"article_industries":564,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":182,"content":565},"8824","2021-06-22T14:18:24.057Z","2025-01-17T16:33:17.126Z","ZUCkzg",{"id":554,"type":168,"owner_id":554,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":557,"link":558,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":552,"updated_at":553,"article_id":551,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"PtkpLQq7NPE=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155547418-DD6XAsDK.jpeg",[560],{"article_id":551,"location_id":561,"created_at":175,"updated_at":15,"location":562},"NLD",{"id":561,"type":225,"name":563,"color":15,"parent_location_id":174,"created_at":309,"updated_at":15},"The Netherlands",[],{"id":566,"score":158,"body":567,"status":209,"article_id":551,"created_at":552,"updated_at":553,"published_at":552},"5anK",{"title":568,"summary":569,"attachment":570},"Circular Skills Programme and TIP Circulair","\u003Cp>The Circular Skills Programme was first created by the sustainable education cooperative Leren voor Morgen in collaboration with the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management and the Goldschmeding Foundation. The Circular Skills Programme works to bridge the gap between the vocational education and professional practice in the circular economy, such as in construction. It does this by identifying skills gaps in industries adopting circular economy strategies and puts in place regional projects-while encouraging educational reform on a national level to close the gaps.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>A partner of the Circular Skills Programme is TIP Circulair, run by Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences. TIP Circulair is a learning community for students and professionals that looks at how the adoption of circular economy strategies is changing occupational requirements and how best to translate this into occupational profiles.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>To support the retention of young people coming into the industry and maximise the potential for innovation through knowledge exchange, leading professionals and engineers from the TIP community are paired with young interns and apprentices working within construction and installation companies. They meet once a week to discuss successes and challenges in order to jointly develop their circular knowledge. The TIP Community also comes together for ten half-days spread over 20 weeks to exchange knowledge and receive master classes on emerging approaches from the circular construction and installation field.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>TIP Circulair is an example of how to facilitate mutual learning between professionals and interns or apprentices, as well as how co-creation and action-based learning can be used to overcome concrete challenges in the workplace in a timely way.\u003C/p>",[571,573,575],{"name":572,"type":194,"value":572},"https://www.rethinkglobal.info/reycled-ocean-plastics-jo-godden-rubymoon/",{"name":574,"type":194,"value":574},"https://www.rethinkglobal.info/episode-69-jo-godden-of-rubymoon-circular-fibres-for-activewear/",{"name":576,"type":194,"value":576},"https://rubymoon.org.uk",[]]