[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"settings":3,"$f3vvuGKtqJUAEaHbBbMd7Bjf72DnC_DIGl9Zjkx3qaHA":131,"skip-profile-counts":15,"collection-counts-wicer":153,"/api/collections/wicer/articles":159,"profile-liked-collections--liked-seeAll":353},{"data":4,"meta":130},{"id":5,"documentId":6,"createdAt":7,"updatedAt":8,"publishedAt":9,"nav_primary":10,"nav_secondary":76},71,"cq0rcn2xoi5no1yfyvbgyln1","2025-06-22T14:25:01.818Z","2026-05-07T15:46:44.530Z","2026-05-07T15:46:45.271Z",[11,17,41,46,51,71],{"id":12,"label":13,"url":14,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":16},666,"About","/about",null,[],{"id":18,"label":19,"url":20,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":21},670,"Focus areas","programmes",[22,25,29,33,37],{"id":23,"label":19,"url":24},1558,"/programmes",{"id":26,"label":27,"url":28},1559,"Cities & regions","/programmes/cities",{"id":30,"label":31,"url":32},1560,"Finance & economics","/programmes/finance",{"id":34,"label":35,"url":36},1561,"Textiles & fashion","/programmes/textiles",{"id":38,"label":39,"url":40},1562,"Jobs & employment","/programmes/jobs",{"id":42,"label":43,"url":44,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":45},667,"Services","/services",[],{"id":47,"label":48,"url":49,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":50},668,"Impact","/impact",[],{"id":52,"label":53,"url":54,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":55},671,"CGR","/cgr",[56,59,63,67],{"id":57,"label":58,"url":54},1563,"About CGR",{"id":60,"label":61,"url":62},1564,"CGR Global","/cgr/cgr-global",{"id":64,"label":65,"url":66},1565,"CGR Nations","/cgr/cgr-national",{"id":68,"label":69,"url":70},1566,"CGR Regions & cities","/cgr/cgr-regions-cities",{"id":72,"label":73,"url":74,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":75},669,"Resources","/knowledge-hub/search",[],[77,81,86,91,115],{"id":78,"label":79,"url":54,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":80},672,"CGR ®",[],{"id":82,"label":83,"url":84,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":85},673,"Circle Academy","/circle-academy",[],{"id":87,"label":88,"url":89,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":90},674,"Clients","/clients",[],{"id":92,"label":73,"url":93,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":94},675,"/resources",[95,99,103,107,111],{"id":96,"label":97,"url":98},1567,"Reports & publications","?page=1",{"id":100,"label":101,"url":102},1568,"Opinions","opinions",{"id":104,"label":105,"url":106},1569,"News","news",{"id":108,"label":109,"url":110},1570,"Knowledge Hub","knowledge-hub",{"id":112,"label":113,"url":114},1571,"Going Circular","going-circular",{"id":116,"label":19,"url":24,"disable_label_url":15,"children_links":117},676,[118,121,124,127],{"id":119,"label":27,"url":120},1572,"cities",{"id":122,"label":39,"url":123},1573,"jobs",{"id":125,"label":35,"url":126},1574,"textiles",{"id":128,"label":31,"url":129},1575,"finance",{},{"id":132,"name":133,"description":134,"link":15,"banner_image_url":135,"avatar_image_url":136,"system_reserved":137,"owner_id":138,"owner":139,"contributors":150,"industries":151,"locations":152,"canEdit":137},"wicer","Water in Circular Economy and Resilience","This collection features a selection of inspiring examples of the circular economy in the water sector, compiled in the context of the World Bank's Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Initiative, presenting the WICER framework together with global case studies that show the benefits of becoming circular and resilient.\n\nWICER is an initiative by the World Bank's [Water Global Practice](https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/water) to establish a common understanding of the definitions and applications of circular economy and resilience principles in the urban water sector, and to promote the implementation of those principles in our projects and when working with governments and partners around the world\n\nAs part of the initiative, the Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Framework has been developed which describes the key actions needed to achieve three main outcomes: 1) deliver resilient and inclusive services, 2) design out waste and pollution, and 3) preserve and regenerate natural systems. As part of the initiative, case studies have also been developed, showcasing best practices around the world, and guidelines and other relevant material have been compiled to help cities accelerate the transition to a circular economy. \n\nThe initiative sets out to demystify the circular economy in water by showing that both high-income and low-income countries can benefit from it. Circular and resilient cities are crucial to achieve the SDGs.\n\n This initiative is supported by the [Global Water Security & Sanitation Partnership (GWSP)](https://www.worldbank.org/en/programs/global-water-security-sanitation-partnership).\n\nTo learn more about Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Initiative visit [https://www.worldbank.org/wicer ](https://www.worldbank.org/wicer)","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/org-profile-avatar/1778155385481-x4_6mtxF.png","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/org-profile-avatar/1778155386073-hhoZf4F0.png",false,"ce",{"id":138,"type":140,"owner_id":141,"about":142,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":138,"owner":143,"organisation":146,"profile":148},"organisation","56NcOv","",{"first_name":144,"last_name":145},"Circle","Economy",{"name":147},"Circle Economy",{"link":149},"https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/org-profile-avatar/HiKR8W326OYvfBij.jpg",[],[],[],{"total":154,"byType":155},6,{"business_case":156,"policy_case":157,"blog":158,"resource":158,"report":158},2,4,0,[160,192,223,243,280,315],{"id":161,"type":162,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":163,"updated_at":164,"owner_id":165,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":167,"image":169,"article_locations":172,"article_industries":173,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":181,"content":182},"26245","policy_case","2024-04-10T09:38:12.837Z","2024-04-10T09:55:58.414Z","N6g27w","collaborator",{"id":165,"type":168,"owner_id":165,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},"user",{"id":170,"link":171,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":163,"updated_at":164,"article_id":161,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"Y7JJpmjuV78=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155402435-SF4r4bn7.jpeg",[],[174],{"article_id":161,"industry_id":175,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":177},"water_and_sewage","2026-05-07T12:03:06.369Z",{"id":175,"name":178,"description":179,"sector":180},"Water and Sewage","Providing water and sewage services, including water collection and distribution, water treatment systems and sewage treatment facilities","societal_services",1,{"id":183,"score":158,"body":184,"status":191,"article_id":161,"created_at":163,"updated_at":164,"published_at":163},"R_BY",{"title":185,"summary":186,"attachment":187},"Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Online quick assessment tool","\u003Cp>ABOUT THE WICER TOOL:\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The World Bank has developed the \u003Ca href=\"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/36254\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Framework\u003C/a> to guide practitioners achieve three main outcomes: 1) deliver resilient and inclusive services, 2) design out waste and pollution, and 3) preserve and regenerate natural systems. The purpose of this WICER quick assessment tool is to familiarize the user with the WICER concept, help assess if the project, system or city is WICER and finally present solutions, guidelines and resources to become circular and resilience while achieving economic and financial benefits.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>CHECK THE TOOL HERE: \u003Ca href=\"https://www.wicer-tool.com/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.wicer-tool.com/ \u003C/a>\u003C/p>",[188],{"name":189,"type":190,"value":189},"https://www.worldbank.org/wicer","link","published",{"id":193,"type":194,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":195,"updated_at":196,"owner_id":165,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":197,"image":198,"article_locations":201,"article_industries":209,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":181,"content":212},"24991","business_case","2023-07-25T13:53:40.499Z","2025-01-17T15:39:45.945Z",{"id":165,"type":168,"owner_id":165,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":199,"link":200,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":195,"updated_at":196,"article_id":193,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"furSNRSvamw=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155401942-SeImFrWP.jpeg",[202],{"article_id":193,"location_id":203,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"location":204},"1264527",{"id":203,"type":205,"name":206,"color":15,"parent_location_id":207,"created_at":208,"updated_at":15},"city","Chennai","IND","2026-02-27T07:54:47.162Z",[210],{"article_id":193,"industry_id":175,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":211},{"id":175,"name":178,"description":179,"sector":180},{"id":213,"score":158,"body":214,"status":191,"article_id":193,"created_at":195,"updated_at":196,"published_at":195},"qsEA",{"title":215,"outcome":216,"problem":217,"summary":218,"solution":219,"attachment":220},"Applying circular economy principles in the water sector: Wastewater reuse for industrial purposes, energy generation from wastewater and increased resilience. The case of Chennai, India.","\u003Cp>The implementation of various projects yielded positive outcomes for Chennai's water management. Wastewater reuse for industrial purposes provided a reliable water source for industries, ensuring their operations continued smoothly even during water scarcity periods. This reduced water scarcity risks and resulted in substantial cost savings for the industrial sector.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Moreover, the revenue generated from selling treated sewage to industries significantly improved CMWSSB's financial sustainability. The revenue from wastewater reuse helped cover the operation and maintenance costs of the treatment systems, further contributing to their efficiency.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Energy recovery from sewage sludge reduced grid dependence and lowered operational costs for sewage treatment plants. The use of biogas for electricity generation also resulted in a considerable reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, making the wastewater treatment operations more environmentally friendly.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Additionally, CMWSSB's plans for indirect potable reuse further strengthened water resilience by augmenting water supply and diversifying water sources.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Overall, CMWSSB's innovative and sustainable initiatives significantly improved water management in Chennai. Their efforts not only addressed water challenges but also contributed to building a more resilient and sustainable water supply system for the city's continued growth and development.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Chennai, a city on the Southern coast of India and the state capital of Tamil Nadu, has one of the world’s fastest-growing economies. Chennai is the automotive hub of India and is also home to several other industries ranging from petrochemical, hardware manufacturing, textile and apparel. Besides industries, Chennai’s economic activities include medical tourism, software, and financial services. Recent estimates of the economy of the Chennai Metropolitan Area have ranged from US$79 to US$86 billion (PPP GDP), ranking it from fourth to sixth most productive metro area of India. Due to urbanization and economic growth, Chennai’s population has increased more than 50% in the last two decades, becoming the fourth largest city in India with over 10 million people and extending over 426 km2 .\u003C/p>\u003Cp>The rapid growth of the city has created several water challenges:\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cem>- Water supply has not been able to keep up with demand.\u003C/em> Chennai has historically relied on ground water that provide between 100 – 120 MLD of water and four rainfed lakes (with a combined storage capacity of about 11,000 million cubic feet (mcft)) that have the potential to provide between 632 and 854 MLD of water depending on the monsoon season to meet the water needs of the city. However, the demand for water in the city has increased more than 50% in the last decade up to 1,200 MLD due to industrial development, increasing population and due to larger per capita needs triggered by economic growth. Per capita availability of water dropping from 1,816 cubic meters (CM) in 2001 to 1,545 CM per year today. There is an existing gap between the water demand and the combined water supply from all sources. Households are then forced to supplement this gap with their own bore wells and/or tanker water supply to meet their water needs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cem>- Extreme weather events further aggravate the issue. \u003C/em>Since the city is entirely dependent on rains for recharging its water resources, monsoon failures lead to acute water scarcity and droughts. The city usually gets 1200 mm of rain between mid-October and mid-December that help replenish surface and groundwater sources. However, Chennai city is regularly, over cycles measured in years, afflicted by severe floods and droughts. In the last two decades, the city has seen floods in 2005, 2010 and 2015, book-ended by droughts in 2003-04 and 2016-2018.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>\u003Cem>- The unplanned expansion of the city at the expense of water has led to the contraction of water bodies\u003C/em> in and around the city from 12.6 km2 in 1893 to 3.2 km2 in 2017. These water bodies were important in providing Chennai with water during drought periods and to be a buffer during heavy rains.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>- Growing population and failing monsoons have necessitated bringing water from distant sources and from desalination plants, increasing the cost of water supply. \u003C/p>","\u003Cp>To protect against the vagaries of nature, build resilience, and increase water availability, the Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB) in Chennai, India, embarked on several projects and investments to diversify water supply and to become more circular and resilient to droughts. Since 2005, CMWSSB has been implementing several projects to treat and reuse wastewater for several purposes. As part of this effort, CMWSSB sells treated wastewater to industrial users and with the additional revenues, it can cover all operating and maintenance costs. CMWSSB also retrofitted seven of its wastewater treatment plants to recover energy from wastewater and to supply more than 50 percent of the energy needs of all the plants, saving on energy costs and helping sustain operations financially. CMWSSB is also investing in indirect potable reuse and is exploring the possibility of selling most of the biosolids generated in the wastewater treatment plants as manure for agricultural use. Government support, competitive tariffs, and innovative thinking have contributed to the success of these projects.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The Chennai Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (CMWSSB) took a holistic approach to address the water challenges. They initiated several projects to ensure a reliable and resilient water supply for the city. Wastewater reuse emerged as a viable solution to augment water availability and cater to the industrial sector's needs. CMWSSB established different agreements with industries, making treated wastewater available for non-potable industrial use. Industries, including petrochemical companies, benefited from this initiative by purchasing treated sewage for their operations, reducing their reliance on freshwater sources. The reuse of treated sewage freed up freshwater supply, enabling it to meet domestic water needs.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>In addition to wastewater reuse, CMWSSB implemented energy recovery systems in several sewage treatment plants. By anaerobically digesting sewage sludge and generating biogas to produce electricity, they reduced their dependency on grid power and improved financial sustainability.\u003C/p>",[221],{"name":222,"type":190,"value":222},"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/1c661b03-9da6-5b50-ba56-3b69525ec562/content",{"id":224,"type":194,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":225,"updated_at":226,"owner_id":165,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":227,"image":228,"article_locations":231,"article_industries":232,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":181,"content":235},"24958","2023-07-24T16:24:05.064Z","2023-07-25T07:42:06.523Z",{"id":165,"type":168,"owner_id":165,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":229,"link":230,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":225,"updated_at":226,"article_id":224,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"FAcDhzy1fUk=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155400906-6X-0OqKZ.jpeg",[],[233],{"article_id":224,"industry_id":175,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":234},{"id":175,"name":178,"description":179,"sector":180},{"id":236,"score":158,"body":237,"status":191,"article_id":224,"created_at":225,"updated_at":226,"published_at":225},"-a1U",{"title":238,"summary":239,"attachment":240},"Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Framework -  Report","\u003Cp>Circular economy has emerged as a response to the unsustainable linear model of “take, make, consume, and waste”. Yet so far, the water sector has not been systematically included in high-level circular economy strategy discussions and has not fully reaped the potential benefits. Circular economy principles offer an opportunity to recognize and capture the full value of water - as a service, an input to processes, a source of energy, a carrier of materials - and to make the sector more sustainable financially and environmentally, while enhancing resilience to climate change and mitigating emissions. This report presents the Water in Circular Economy and Resilience (WICER) Framework to establish a common understanding of circular economy and resilience principles in the water sector. The Framework grew out of a literature review and was informed by lessons learned from global case studies and from the knowledge of the World Bank. The report aims to clarify how circular economy principles can be applied in the water sector, and to guide practitioners, especially from governments in low- and middle-income countries, with a clear long-term plan to become circular and resilient. The framework describes the nine key actions needed to achieve three main outcomes: (1) deliver resilient and inclusive water services; (2) design out waste and pollution; and (3) preserve and regenerate natural systems. The novelty of the proposed framework is that it goes beyond reusing and recovering resources from wastewater, and it presents a more holistic approach for water and sanitation services, considering a water basin approach and including resiliency principles, climate mitigation strategies and inclusiveness – all of which are particularly relevant in the context of developing countries.\u003C/p>",[241],{"name":242,"type":190,"value":242},"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/entities/publication/a8667d17-74d3-5914-8bfd-7d1fad3db79d",{"id":244,"type":162,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":245,"updated_at":246,"owner_id":247,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":248,"image":249,"article_locations":252,"article_industries":258,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":181,"content":272},"10727","2021-12-09T16:37:40.427Z","2023-07-27T13:45:17.069Z","pD90Ug",{"id":247,"type":168,"owner_id":247,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":250,"link":251,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":245,"updated_at":246,"article_id":244,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"v5etg0iuQVc=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155399460-xOu5tW0A.jpeg",[253],{"article_id":244,"location_id":254,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"location":255},"2253354",{"id":254,"type":205,"name":256,"color":15,"parent_location_id":257,"created_at":208,"updated_at":15},"Dakar","SEN",[259,265,270],{"article_id":244,"industry_id":260,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":261},"agriculture",{"id":260,"name":262,"description":263,"sector":264},"Agriculture","Producing and gathering crop and animal products from land and water through farming, hunting, and fishing","agri_food",{"article_id":244,"industry_id":266,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":267},"waste_management",{"id":266,"name":268,"description":269,"sector":180},"Waste Management","Collecting waste from households and businesses by means of refuse bins, wheeled bins, containers, etc., and providing treatment, incineration, materials recovery and reclamation, and disposal of hazardous and non-hazardous waste",{"article_id":244,"industry_id":175,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":271},{"id":175,"name":178,"description":179,"sector":180},{"id":273,"score":158,"body":274,"status":191,"article_id":244,"created_at":245,"updated_at":246,"published_at":245},"02tL",{"title":275,"summary":276,"attachment":277},"Recovering Resources from Wastewater and Fecal Sludge in Dakar, Senegal","\u003Cp>Cambérène, the largest sanitation system in the Greater Dakar area, has focused on three areas through the Cambérène, WWTP: (1) the reuse of wastewater by market gardeners (horticulturalists) around Dakar; (2) energy production from methane gas produced during wastewater treatment; and (3) recovery and sale of treated fecal sludge. This brought economic benefits for ONAS such as additional revenue and for local farmers such as cost savings, as well as environmental and social benefits such as less polution of aquifers.\u003C/p>",[278],{"name":279,"type":190,"value":279},"https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/341621631221903660/pdf/Water-in-Circular-Economy-and-Resilience-WICER-The-Case-of-Dakar-Senegal.pdf",{"id":281,"type":162,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":282,"updated_at":283,"owner_id":247,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":284,"image":285,"article_locations":288,"article_industries":299,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":181,"content":304},"10725","2021-12-09T15:47:43.379Z","2025-01-17T15:38:54.571Z",{"id":247,"type":168,"owner_id":247,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":286,"link":287,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":282,"updated_at":283,"article_id":281,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"S1osCiWfwdU=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155398729-07NPMIBz.jpeg",[289,295],{"article_id":281,"location_id":290,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"location":291},"CHN",{"id":290,"type":292,"name":293,"color":15,"parent_location_id":294,"created_at":208,"updated_at":15},"country","China","AS",{"article_id":281,"location_id":296,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"location":297},"2036075",{"id":296,"type":205,"name":298,"color":15,"parent_location_id":290,"created_at":208,"updated_at":15},"Lingyuan",[300,302],{"article_id":281,"industry_id":266,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":301},{"id":266,"name":268,"description":269,"sector":180},{"article_id":281,"industry_id":175,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":303},{"id":175,"name":178,"description":179,"sector":180},{"id":305,"score":158,"body":306,"status":191,"article_id":281,"created_at":282,"updated_at":283,"published_at":282},"4VAh",{"title":307,"outcome":308,"problem":309,"summary":310,"solution":311,"attachment":312},"Water in Circular Economy and Resilience in Lingyuan City, China","\u003Cp>By the completion of the Project in 2017, more than 90 percent of urban households were connected and daily wastewater collection and treatment reached between 50,000 and 58,000 m3 /day. \u003C/p>\u003Cp>Currently, 30,000 m3 /day is further treated by the tertiary treatment processes to \u003Cstrong>improve the effluent quality\u003C/strong> for reuse purposes. \u003C/p>\u003Cp>20,000 m3 /day of that reclaimed wastewater is reused for the operation of six industries in the new industrial park and 10,000 m3 /day is used to \u003Cstrong>replenish the urban lake\u003C/strong> in order to restore urban biodiversity and maintain the shallow aquifer around the lake. \u003C/p>\u003Cp>The rest of the effluent, which is subjected to secondary treatment, is directly discharged into the Daling River downstream of the city, \u003Cstrong>improving the river’s water quality\u003C/strong>.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Lingyuan City in Liaoning Province, China, is a county-level city with a population of around 650,000 people who have been facing acute water scarcity. The limited availability of surface water, combined with pollution of the Daling River which flows through the city, has led to the overexploitation of groundwater resources. Groundwater serves as a vital water supply source for the city (around 85 percent of total water use). Under new regulations enacted by Lingyuan City government, the establishment of any new business projected to consume large volumes of water must be justified. Water scarcity has thus become a major constraint on the city’s economic development.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The municipality of Lingyuan started a project to increase wastewater collection and treatment and foster wastewater reuse. Reclaiming wastewater may be a useful alternative to conventional water resources, especially where there is water scarcity. Lingyuan City offers an example to many other cities looking for green and sustainable solutions to water scarcity.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>To meet the increasing water demand resulting from rapid economic development and urbanization, the Lingyuan City government identified wastewater collection, treatment, and reuse as an opportunity to address the city’s water scarcity problem while promoting circular economy principles.\u003C/p>\u003Cp>Aiming to improving wastewater collection and treatment and fostering wastewater reuse, the municipality of Lingyuan performed by:\u003C/p>\u003Cp>(1) establishing separate drainage systems for stormwater and wastewater,\u003C/p>\u003Cp>(2) extending networks to increase the amount of wastewater collected and population served,\u003C/p>\u003Cp>(3) creationand later upgrade of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) into a tertiary treatment plant to improve the effluent quality of the reclaimed wastewater, and\u003C/p>\u003Cp>(4) enhancing pumping stations for reclaimed water.\u003C/p>",[313],{"name":314,"type":190,"value":314},"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/35661/Water-in-Circular-Economy-and-Resilience-WICER-The-Case-of-Lingyuan-City-China.pdf?sequence=5&isAllowed=y",{"id":316,"type":162,"cta":15,"cta_link":15,"created_at":317,"updated_at":318,"owner_id":247,"owner_relationship":166,"views":158,"owner":319,"image":320,"article_locations":323,"article_industries":329,"view_count":158,"like_count":158,"collection_count":181,"content":342},"10636","2021-12-07T12:28:45.000Z","2023-07-27T13:36:44.664Z",{"id":247,"type":168,"owner_id":247,"about":15,"job_title":15,"url":15,"linkedin":15,"email":15,"staff_of_id":15,"organisation_id":15,"organisation":15},{"id":321,"link":322,"alt":15,"source":15,"created_at":317,"updated_at":318,"article_id":316,"image_profile_id":15,"banner_profile_id":15},"TLcCUSBUM8E=","https://kh-assets.prod.circularity-gap.world/main-image/1778155397258-fMfTwrLe.jpeg",[324],{"article_id":316,"location_id":325,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"location":326},"7799991",{"id":325,"type":205,"name":327,"color":15,"parent_location_id":328,"created_at":208,"updated_at":15},"New Cairo","EGY",[330,332,334,336],{"article_id":316,"industry_id":260,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":331},{"id":260,"name":262,"description":263,"sector":264},{"article_id":316,"industry_id":266,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":333},{"id":266,"name":268,"description":269,"sector":180},{"article_id":316,"industry_id":175,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":335},{"id":175,"name":178,"description":179,"sector":180},{"article_id":316,"industry_id":337,"created_at":176,"updated_at":15,"industry":338},"construction_materials_and_products",{"id":337,"name":339,"description":340,"sector":341},"Construction Materials and Products","Producing building materials and finished and semi-finished building products for construction","construction_and_infrastructure",{"id":343,"score":158,"body":344,"status":191,"article_id":316,"created_at":317,"updated_at":318,"published_at":317},"srw8",{"title":345,"outcome":346,"problem":347,"summary":348,"solution":349,"attachment":350},"Wastewater in New Cairo: From Waste to Resource","\u003Cp>The project generates small revenue streams through the sale of compost to the cement industry and fertilizer to farms. It reduces the amount of untreated wastewater being discharged into the ecosystem - representing a significant health risk to the 3 million people that live in the area around New Cairo\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>Egypt is becoming increasingly water-scarce with much of its land being desert and a growing urban population creating pressure on natural resources. The current infrastructure doesn't promote the efficient use of these resources across large areas and populations which means that wastewater is discharged directly into ecosystems.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>A Cairo Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) was constructed through a public-private partnership (PPP). The Government of Egypt - specifically the municipality of New Cairo is implementing a wastewater treatment plant to reuse the precious natural resource. Once treated, instead of draining into ecosystems the water can be reused for agriculture and the compost sold to various industries in the region to be used as fuel. This results into a small extra revenue stream for the consortium, it avoids considerable sludge transport costs and it reduces the volume of polluted water discharged into the river.\u003C/p>","\u003Cp>The WWTP can process up to 250,000 cubic meters of wastewater per day, serving the satellite cities of New Cairo, Madinaty, and El Mostakbal. The treated water is directed to agricultural operations, reducing the demand for freshwater for agriculture and allowing that supply to be used by the city. The compost from the wastewater sludge is currently being sold to the cement industry in the region to be used as fuel, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.\u003C/p>",[351],{"name":352,"type":190,"value":352},"https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/29490/124336-WP-PUBLIC-EgyptCairo.pdf?sequence=8&isAllowed=y",[]]